INTERSTATE 19

Interstate 19 (I-19) is a north-south Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Arizona. I-19 is unique among U.S. Interstates because signed distances are given in meters (hundreds or thousands as distance-to-exit indicators) or kilometers (as distance-to-destination indicators) and not miles. According to the Arizona Department of Transportation, metric signs were originally placed because of the push toward the metric system in the United States at the time of the original construction of the highway.

NORTH EAST, PENNSYLVANIA

North East, Pennsylvania is the northernmost town in Pennsylvania. North East is located in Erie County, which is in turn located in the extreme northwest corner of Pennsylvania. Despite being located in extreme northwestern Pennsylvania, the name “North East” is not a misnomer as its name is derived from its northeastern-most location within Erie County.

Erie County's location within Pennsylvania and North East's location within Erie County

TOP 10 AIRLINES AND AIRPORTS - 2018 DOMESTIC SCHEDULED ENPLANEMENTS

TOP 10 AIRLINES (2018 Domestic Scheduled Enplanements) Passenger Numbers in Millions (000,000)
2018 Rank	Carrier	2018 Enplaned Passengers	2017 Rank	2017 Enplaned Passengers	Pct. Change 2017-2018
1	Southwest	159.045	1	153.809	3.4
2	Delta	126.473	2	120.735	4.8
3	American	119.471	3	116.471	2.6
4	United	85.896	4	80.434	6.8
5	SkyWest	37.427	5	34.054	9.9
6	JetBlue	33.965	6	32.394	4.8
7	Alaska	31.493	7	24.063	30.9
8	Spirit	26.319	8	21.971	19.8
9	Frontier	18.669	9	15.970	16.9
10	Republic	17.594	10	15.787	11.4

TOP 10 AIRPORTS (2018 Domestic Scheduled Enplanements) Passenger Numbers in Millions (000,000)
2018 Rank	Airport	2018 Enplaned Passengers	2017 Rank	2017 Enplaned Passengers	Pct. Change 2017-2018
1	Atlanta	45.711	1	44.351	3.1
2	Chicago O'Hare	33.144	2	32.189	3.0
3	Los Angeles	30.008	3	29.142	3.0
4	Denver	29.883	4	28.503	4.8
5	Dallas/Fort Worth	28.641	5	27.730	3.3
6	Las Vegas	21.812	6	21.382	2.0
7	Seattle	21.381	10	20.132	6.2
8	San Francisco	20.995	8	20.437	2.7
9	Charlotte	20.715	7	20.493	1.1
10	Phoenix	20.580	9	20.144	2.2

COLLEGE BASKETBALL PLAYERS CAN'T WEAR 6,7,8 OR 9

NCAA Rule 1, Section 22, Article 7, Clause b.2 prohibits college basketball players from wearing jerseys with the numerals 6,7.8. or 9. The uniform policy is said to be intended to simplify the hand signaling made by officials. When a player is whistled for a foul, the referee signals to the scorer’s table the uniform number of the offender by using his hands. The system is set up so that referees flash only two hands to make their signals, making things easier for the scorer to interpret.

NO 6,7,8 OR 9 JERSEY NUMBERS

GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL - SWITZERLAND

The Gotthard Base Tunnel is the longest and deepest railway tunnel in the world. It has a length of 35.47 miles and depth of 8,040 feet, comparable to that of the deepest mines on Earth. The tunnel cost more than $12 billion to build and took 17 years to complete. It opened in 2016 and provides a high speed-rail link under the Swiss Alps between northern and southern Europe. At the opening of the tunnel, a lavish show was performed with dancers, acrobats, singers and musicians celebrating Alpine culture and history. (See below).

WORLD'S LONGEST LASTING LIGHT BULBS

Rank	Location	Details
1	“Centennial Light” Livermore-Pleasanton Fire Dept. 4550 East Ave. Livermore, CA	The fire department claims that the bulb is at least 117 years old (installed 1901) and has only been turned off a handful of times. The bulb has been noted by The Guinness Book of World Records, Ripley’s Believe It or Not, and General Electric as being the world’s longest-lasting light bulb.
2	“Eternal Light” Stockyards Museum Fort Worth, TX	In 1970 it was credited as being the longest-lasting bulb, two years before the discovery of the Livermore bulb. The bulb was originally installed above the backstage door at the Byers Opera House on September 21, 1908. The theater was demolished in 1977 and the bulb was transported to a museum in the Livestock Exchange Building. Since its installation in the museum, it has only been turned off once-by accident, before being put on its own, unswitched, circuit.
3	Gasnick Supply Store Second Ave. Between 52nd and 53rd Streets New York City	It was installed in 1912, according to store owner, Jack Gasnick. On at least two occasions, Gasnick tried to discredit the Livermore bulb in order to claim that his bulb was the longest lasting. (He apparently was unaware of the Fort Worth bulb). It is unknown what happened to Gasnick and his bulb. The store, and the entire half-block on which it stood, were torn down in 2003.
4	Fire Station No.1 201 N. Oklahoma Ave. Magnum, OK	Turned on 1926-1929.
5	Martin & Newby Electrical Shop Ipswich, England	Given its shape and design, it was thought to date from the 1930s. It burned out in January 2001.

The Livermore light bulb has been in continuous use for more than a century

TEN MOST ISOLATED CITIES ON EARTH

TEN MOST ISOLATED CITIES (Cities defined as having population over 100,000)
CITY	CLOSEST NEIGHBOR	DISTANCE (Miles)
Honolulu, U.S.	Daly City, U.S.	2,392
Anchorage, U.S.	Vancouver, Canada	1,327
Perth, Australia	Adelaide, Australia	1,327
Reykjavik, Iceland	Aberdeen, U.K.	823
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia	Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia	820
Yakutsk, Russia	Blagoveshchensk, Russia	818
Jayapura, Indonesia	Port Moresby, Papua, New Guinea	652
Windhoek, Namibia	Gabarone, Botswana	577
St. John’s, Canada	Halifax, Canada	558
Mogadishu, Somalia	Harar, Ethiopia	526

MLB IN THE TOP 40 METRO AREAS IN THE U.S.

PENNSYLVANIA 6-5000

The telephone number in the Glen Miller Orchestra’s hit song “Pennsylvania 6-5000” (1940) is the number of the Hotel Pennsylvania in New York City. The number is now written as 1-212-736-5000. According to the hotel’s website, Pennsylvania 6-5000 is New York’s oldest continually assigned telephone number and possibly the oldest continually-assigned number in the world.

HOW MANY PEOPLE HAVE EVER LIVED ON EARTH?

It is estimated that about 7 percent of all people ever born are alive today.

Year	Population	Births per 1000	Births Between Benchmarks	Number Ever Born	Percent of Those Ever Born
50,000 B.C.E.	2	-	-	-	-
8000 B.C.E.	5,000,000	80	1,137,789,769	1,137,789,769	0.4
1 C.E.	200,000,000	80	46,025,332,354	47,163,122,125	0.6
1200	450,000,000	60	26,591,343,000	73,754,466,125	0.6
1650	500,000,000	60	12,782,002,453	86,536,467,578	0.6
1750	795,000,000	50	3,171,951,513	89,708,399,091	0.9
1850	1,265,000,000	40	4,046,240,009	93,754,639,100	1.3
1900	1,656,000,000	40	2,900,237,856	96,654,876,956	1.7
1950	2,516,000,000	31-38	3,390,198,215	100,045,075,171	2.5
1995	5,760,000,000	31	5,247,305,000	105,472,380,171	5.5
2011	6,987,000,000	23	2,130,327,622	107,602,707,793	6.5
2017	7,536,000,000	19	867,982,322	108,470,690,115	6.9
2030	8,563,000,000	16	1,806,595,106	110,277,285,221	7.8
2050	9,846,000,000	15	2,833,529,982	113,110,815,203	8.7

Source: Population Reference Bureau